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This article is dedicated to www.bangazselea-surleweb.org audience. If you happen to be one of them by chance, please make yourself comfortable and grab your favorite refreshments and seat down by your pc to learn a bit about the WWW (World Wide Web).

First thing I would like tell you here before going into neep understanding of the term (WWW) is what it’s stand for! In the mean time this will give me the opportunity to answer the question raise by 2 members of our audience reside in Cairo, Egypt.

Their question was:

I am pretty sure that other members of our audience are interested to know the definition of the WWW. Possibly some people do feel a bit intimidate when they hear others talking about the WWW. Some are very inquisitive to know the reason why this one letter is repeated three times stand for.

For those who are wondering that is the WWW stand for, I guess this is your chance to know the definition of the WWW.

Basically and briefly the WWW stand for: the World Wide Web. This is the awesome and pure definition of the WWW. If any one else tries to give you another definition apart from this one, perhaps he/she wants to sell you some of their old books from high school. It’s up to you now if you really want to buy someone’s old books, which probably they no longer have a space for them in the house or just do not need them any more.

Now that you know the definition of the WWW, let us move on a bitter deeper about it.

The World Wide Web was invented in 1989 by an English man known as Tim Berners Lee. Sir Bernes Lee is a computer scientist, who works at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (formerly known by the acronym CERN) near Geneva, Switzerland.

Tim Berners-Lee graduated from Queen's College at Oxford University, England, uk, in 1976. He built his first computer using a soldering iron, TTL gates, an M6800 processor and an old television.
Sir Tim’s objective on this project is to develop a way that people can communicated easily using http (Hyper text Markup Language) WWW pages are formatted using Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). Information on the Web is transferred among computers on the WWW using a set of rules known as Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).

Please Note: I will tell you more about http in my next article. Other features may be added to web pages with special programs, such as Java, a programming language.

You now have a basic understanding of the WWW. However, if you would like to learn in more details about the WWW, please do not hesitate to contact me at: www.bangazoselea-surleweb.org/ARSB. Here you can of course register yourself and browse through our articles. Alternatively you can visit the www.bangazosela-surleweb.org and go to the page called ARSB workshop page. Here you will find more materials about IT in general. You can also visit ARSB Web directory page, we have provide our audience with links of very interesting subjects.

I hope I have answered your question as you would like me to. I also hope that you are satisfied with my answer to your question. Please do not hesitate ask any question that you are not too sure about on the IT field.

IT Jargon |(Sec A & B)

ADSL - Transmited digital information at broadband speed on lines.

Absolute URL - A URL that give the full path to resource.

ActivX - An open set of technology for intergrating components on the Internet and withing Microsoft application.

ADAPTER - A device, which provides connectivity between another system.

ARPA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) - A U S. Department of defence agency that created the first global computer Network.

ARPANET - Advanced research Projects Agency Network. A computernetwork founded by ARPA that served as the basic for early network research and was the backbone during the development of of the Internet.

APPLETS - A small Programs written in Java. This mini programs could be downloaded when needed and excuted within a Web Page or browser.

API - (Application Programming Interface) - A set of universal commands, calls and functions that wllows developer to communicated with an application and services on their own services.

Application-Level gatway -A firewall component that inspects all packets addressed to user-level application; uses proxies to contral and filter trafic on a connection-by-connection basis also. Also provides authentication.

Assignment - The appointmentof a specific resource to a specific task.

Assumption - A factor that is considered to be real or certain for planning purposes.

Asymemetric-key encryption - An encryption method in which tow keys (private key and public key) are used to encrypt and decrypt a message.

Attachment - Afile that is sent with a message.

Attennuation - The weakening of a transmission

AU - Audio file format used ny UNIX server, the majority of Web Servers. Most Web Browser can read.

AVI (Audio Video Interleave) - Stand for Windows file format for Video files.

ACPI - Advanced Configuration Power Interface
ACPI (Advanced Configuration Power Interface) refers to a Power Management specification developed by Intel, Microsoft and Toshiba. The specification allows an operating system to control the power distribution to peripherals such as hard drives, it was originally intended for laptops/notebooks where power saving is vital.

AGP - Accelerated Graphics Port

An interface developed by Intel which allows a graphics card to access memory directly which along with the wider bandwidth helps improve graphics performance.

AGP has now come to replace a lot of PCI video cards due to its superior performance, most modern motherboards have an AGP slot as standard. Some motherboards come with an AGP graphics card built-in.

You will see AGP cards advertised with different specifications, including throughput (bandwidth), here is a summary of the throughput they refer to:

1X - 266MBps
2X - 533MBps
4X - 1.07GBps
8X - 2.1GBps

Obviously the higher the throughput the better, although nowadays most video cards run at 8X.

ALU - Arithmetic Logic Unit
The ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) is an internal part of the processor which is used for all mathematical and logical operations, the basic operations of an ALU include adding and multiplying binary values as well as performing logical operations such as AND, OR and XOR.

The algorithms for performing these mathematical and logical operations are hard coded (stored permanently) within the ALU.

ANSI - American National Standards Institute
An American body responsible for the standardisation system since 1918. ANSI establishes the United States industrial standards and it's primary task is to determine hardware and software standards, it is the US representative to ISO

ASCII - American Standard Code for Information Interchange
A widely used character encoding system first used in 1963. It uses a 7 bit code to represent characters with numbers (0 to 127), there are also ASCII extensions in use which utilise 8 bit codes to represent international characters in addition to the standard ASCII scheme.

ASP - Active Server Pages
note: We are refering to ASP in the context of dynamic web pages, ASP can also refer to Application Service Provider.

When in the context of internet web sites ASP refers to a specification which can be likened to CGI, ASP technology allows the site developer to create dynamic web pages through the use of ActiveX.

ASP pages are used for numerous tasks including form handling, database connectivity, even putting a date and time on a page. Jscript or VB Script are the most common scripting languages used with ASP pages.

ATA - Advanced Technology Attachment
Refers to a hard drive interface standard first approved in 1994 by ANSI (American National Standards Institute).

AVI - Audio Video Interleaved
A multimedia file type, the audio and video elements are interleaved in alternate segments within the AVI file. This has become a very popular format on the Internet for video distribution due to the fast download times and reasonable quality reproduction.

IT Jargon

BETA - Version of a sotware application or System in development.

BROADBAND - A fast internet connection, e.g. ADSL.

Back end - Aseries of system that fulfill requests mad by a client.Back end systems can include Mainframes and Servercontaining information database.

Backbone - Theheighest level in Computer network hierarchy, to wich smaller networks connect.

Bandwidth - The amout of information, sometimes it's called trafic. It may not be able to carried on a Network at one time. This also could ne the total capacity of a line. Normally the rate of data transfer over a Network connection, measured i bit per second.

Baseline - A recording of Network activity, obtained through documentation and nothing, that serves as an example for comparing future Network activity.

Bastion host - Acompute that houses verious firewal componenets and Server, that is connected to a public Network, such the Internet.

Binary File - A file that containing or instructions written in 0 and 1 ( Computer Language).

Blackhale list - A published list of IP addresses know to be source of spam.

Block-Leve Element - A markup element that affects at least an entire paragrph.

Blog - A collection of personal thoughts posted on a public WEB Site. Blogging is the act of adding entries to a blog.

Boolean Operator - A symble or word used in Internet Search to norrow search results by including or excluding certain words or phrases from the search criteria.

Bottleneck - A point in Netweork communication at which information processed more slowly. Also, any element ( a hard drive, I/O card or network interface card) that slows network connectivityrates.

Browser - e- mail - E mail programs such as Netscape Mail & News groups or out look Express that narmal come with a Web browser and they may also be integrated.

Buffer - Cache of memeory used by a computer to store frequently used data. Buffers allow faster acess times.

Bus - An elctronic pathway that conducts signals to connect the fuctional components of a computer.

Bandwidth
In computing Bandwidth refers to the capacity of a communications line/channel to transmit/receive information and is measured in bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes and gigabytes.

Internet Service Providers
Bandwidth (when specified by an ISP) is the monthly quota of data that you are allowed to upload and download with your internet connection, your monthly bandwidth allowance will (usually) be measured in Megabytes or Gigabytes, the amount of bandwidth you need depends on how you intend to use the internet.

For example, if you will be using the internet just to view websites, then you won't need as much bandwidth as someone who is downloading music and video for the same amount of hours.

note: one Megabyte (MB) = 1024 Kilobytes (KB).
• The average webpage is around 50KB (kilobytes) including images
• The average MP3 audio file is around 4MB (Megabyte)
So you would use the same amount of bandwidth to download one MP3 audio file as you would to view eighty one webpages (50Kb) on the internet.

As you can see it depends greatly on what you are using your internet connection for as to how much bandwidth you will need.

Web Hosting companies
When in the context of web hosting companies it refers to how much traffic a web hosting company will allow each month.

BAUD
Baud rate is a value given to communication devices such as modems to describe the amount of data they can carry per second. The higher the Baud rate the more data the device can transmit per second, typically in a binary channel the baud rate is equal to the bit rate, therefore 1 baud = 1 bit a second.

BBS - Bulletin Board Service
Bulletin Board Service often referred to as forums, unlike chat you leave messages for other users to read, i.e. it is not 'live'.

You can find many BBS systems on the internet covering many different topics, for instance we have one here at helpwithpcs.com to assist with computer problems, to visit our BBS.

Binary - Base 2
Binary is a system used by digital devices like computers, cd players etc. It is a sequence of 1s and 0s which relate to on and off electrical pulses and can only have 2 states on and off unlike analogue systems which can have varying states. These 1s and 0s are commonly referred to as a bit (Binary Digit).

Mathematically binary is Base 2 unlike our counting system (decimal) which is Base 10.

For more on binary see our guide to Binary Numbers in our courses section.

BIOS - Basic Input Output System

The CPU in a PC needs a way of communicating with the many different hardware devices that are installed, each hardware device has its own special BIOS software which allows for this communication.

The BIOS contains special software instructions that enable the CPU to communicate with and control devices, it is usually stored in ROM and can be either built-in to the motherboard or on the device itself.

The main BIOS in a system is stored inside a microchip on your motherboard and is the first piece of software your computer runs when you (boot up) turn it on.

It uses the information stored in the CMOS memory for configuration purposes.

A Flash BIOS can be updated with new information and many motherboard manufacturers publish updates for their respective BIOS on their websites.

BIT - Binary DigIT
This refers to a binary digit i.e it would either be a 1 or a 0, 8 bits make a Byte. It refers to information stored or processed in a digital system. For instance if you have a 64 bit processor then it can process 64 bits (8 bytes) of data every clock cycle.

Bitmap
This is a common graphic format used by computers, it can be likened to a map of bits (hence the name) the graphic/picture is made up of a number of individual dots (bits) to form an image. The file extension for these type of files is .bmp, these can get very large in file-size (i.e. kilobytes) and if storage space is a factor then it is best to convert the image into a more compressed format such as JPEG.

BLOG - WeB LOG
A BLOG refers to a private webpage which is published by either an individual or a group of individuals.

BLOGS are commonly personal journals/diaries and are used to comment on all sorts of topics depending on the interests of the blogger (author).

A BLOG is usually updated frequently, maybe monthly, weekly or even daily, it all depends on the blogger.

Most blogs enable the visitors to post comments and/or suggestions allowing interactivity between the blogger and the visitors.

Blogging
This describes the actual act of creating or updating a blog.

It is fairly easy to set up your own BLOG on the subject of your choice.

There are many tools to help you start your own blog
including.

Bluetooth Wireless Technology
Bluetooth refers to a wireless technology which allows digital devices to easily transfer files at high speed, bluetooth is common in many portable devices such as laptops, PDAs and mobile phones.

The amount of products that utilise Bluetooth technology is growing rapidly in all sectors of the tech market, some other devices that use Bluetooth technology include: Gaming devices, medical instruments, printers, audio and visual devices, automotive systems, GPS, and many more.

To allow your home/office computer to use Bluetooth wireless technology (if